{"id":910,"date":"2023-09-13T11:26:46","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T09:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/?p=910"},"modified":"2024-03-01T12:46:36","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T11:46:36","slug":"palmovy-tuk-proc-jej-nekonzumovat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/?p=910","title":{"rendered":"Palmov\u00fd tuk: Pro\u010d jej nekonzumovat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk je rostlinn\u00fd olej, kter\u00fd se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z plod\u016f olejn\u00e9 palmy. Je to jeden z nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch olej\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha potravin\u00e1ch, kosmetice, \u010dist\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch a biopalivech. Palmov\u00fd tuk m\u00e1 v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 \u0159adu negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Pod\u00edvejme se, pro\u010d bychom m\u011bli palmov\u00fd tuk vyhnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk a lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk<\/a> je velmi bohat\u00fd na nasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny, kter\u00e9 jsou spojov\u00e1ny se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm hladiny LDL cholesterolu, neboli \u201e\u0161patn\u00e9ho\u201c cholesterolu, v krvi. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu riziku srde\u010dn\u00edch chorob a mrtvice12. Podle Americk\u00e9ho sdru\u017een\u00ed pro srdce (AHA) jsou nasycen\u00e9 tuky jako ty, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v tropick\u00e9m palmov\u00e9m tuku, spojeny s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem koron\u00e1rn\u00edch srde\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed3. Nav\u00edc, chipsy vyroben\u00e9 s palmov\u00fdm tukem obsahuj\u00ed 75 procent v\u00edce nasycen\u00fdch tuk\u016f ne\u017e chipsy vyroben\u00e9 se slune\u010dnicov\u00fdm nebo \u0159epkov\u00fdm olejem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk je tak\u00e9 rafinovan\u00fd, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je zbaven vitam\u00edn\u016f a \u017eivin, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v p\u0159irozen\u00e9m oleji. Rafinace tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje oxidaci oleje, co\u017e vede k tvorb\u011b l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 jsou nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo, jako jsou aldehydy, ketony nebo peroxidy. Tyto l\u00e1tky mohou po\u0161kozovat bu\u0148ky, DNA a proteiny<\/a> a zvy\u0161ovat riziko rakoviny, z\u00e1n\u011btu, st\u00e1rnut\u00ed a neurodegenerativn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk je tak\u00e9 hlavn\u00edm vin\u00edkem ni\u010den\u00ed tropick\u00fdch de\u0161tn\u00fdch prales\u016f, zejm\u00e9na v Indon\u00e9sii a Malajsii, kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed 85 procent sv\u011btov\u00e9 produkce palmov\u00e9ho tuku. Pro v\u00fdsadbu palmov\u00fdch plant\u00e1\u017e\u00ed jsou \u010dasto vypalov\u00e1ny nebo k\u00e1ceny rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 plochy pralesa, co\u017e vede k ztr\u00e1t\u011b biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti, erozi p\u016fdy, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody a emis\u00edm sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Podle Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho fondu na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody (WWF) je ka\u017edou hodinu vyk\u00e1cena plocha pralesa velk\u00e1 jako 300 fotbalov\u00fdch h\u0159i\u0161\u0165, aby uvolnila m\u00edsto pro palmov\u00fd tuk. To je naprosto tragick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezi nejv\u00edce posti\u017een\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010dichy pat\u0159\u00ed orangutani, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed pouze v n\u00ed\u017einn\u00fdch de\u0161tn\u00fdch prales\u00edch ostrov\u016f Sumatra a Borneo. Orangutani jsou ohro\u017eeni vyhuben\u00edm kv\u016fli ztr\u00e1t\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u00edce ne\u017e 90 procent jejich habitatu bylo zni\u010deno b\u011bhem posledn\u00edch 20 let. Odhaduje se, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd rok je zabito 1 000 a\u017e 5 000 orangutan\u016f. Bez nich bude ekosyst\u00e9m trp\u011bt, proto\u017ee orangutani jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm druhem, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 \u0161\u00ed\u0159it a kl\u00ed\u010dit semena po cel\u00e9m pralese jako sou\u010d\u00e1st sv\u00fdch ka\u017edodenn\u00edch aktivit. B\u011bhem posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00ed bylo zabito v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 000 orangutan\u016f. Pokud se nic nezm\u011bn\u00ed, orangutani mohou vym\u0159\u00edt v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 5 a\u017e 10 let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orangutani nejsou jedin\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u00ed. Pralesy Bornea a Sumatry jsou domovem v\u00edce ne\u017e 300 000 r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 zab\u00edjeny nebo vytla\u010dov\u00e1ny, aby uvolnily m\u00edsto pro palmov\u00fd tuk. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed sumatran\u0161t\u00ed tyg\u0159i, mrakodrapy, sumatran\u0161t\u00ed nosoro\u017eci, bornejsk\u00e9 pygmejsk\u00e9 slony, medv\u011bdi slune\u010dn\u00ed a nosat\u00e9 opice. Divok\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata v oblastech produkce palmov\u00e9ho tuku jsou \u010dasto nalezena poh\u0159ben\u00e1 za\u017eiva nebo zabita ma\u010detami a zbran\u011bmi. Rozvoj pralesa tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje snadn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup pytl\u00e1k\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed chytaj\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata, aby je prodali na trhu s exotick\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty nebo pro jejich \u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk a lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b ni\u010den\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu trp\u00ed tak\u00e9 mnoho domorod\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed v oblastech produkce palmov\u00e9ho tuku. Nen\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9, \u017ee vl\u00e1dy zem\u00ed prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed velk\u00e9 parcely p\u016fdy, kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed a jsou ob\u00fdv\u00e1ny domorod\u00fdmi lidmi, pro sv\u016fj finan\u010dn\u00ed prosp\u011bch. T\u00edm jsou tito lid\u00e9 zbaveni sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, zdroj\u016f a kulturn\u00ed identity. Mnoz\u00ed z nich jsou nuceni pracovat na palmov\u00fdch plant\u00e1\u017e\u00edch za n\u00edzk\u00e9 mzdy, \u0161patn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a bez soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed jsou dokonce ob\u011b\u0165mi n\u00e1sil\u00ed, vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nucen\u00e9ho vyst\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk je tak\u00e9 spojen s d\u011btskou prac\u00ed, obchodem s lidmi a modern\u00edm otroctv\u00edm. Podle Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace pr\u00e1ce (ILO) je v Indon\u00e9sii a Malajsii zam\u011bstn\u00e1no v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,5 milionu d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku od 10 do 17 let na palmov\u00fdch plant\u00e1\u017e\u00edch. Tyto d\u011bti jsou \u010dasto vystaveny nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, jako je manipulace s chemik\u00e1liemi, dlouh\u00e9 hodiny, t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed a \u0161patn\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto d\u011bt\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1ny nebo prod\u00e1v\u00e1ny do otroctv\u00ed, kde jsou nuceny pracovat bez mzdy, bez mo\u017enosti odej\u00edt nebo bez jak\u00e9koli ochrany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd tuk je olej, kter\u00fd bychom m\u011bli co nejv\u00edce omezit nebo nahradit jin\u00fdmi alternativami, pokud chceme chr\u00e1nit na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed, \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Palmov\u00fd tuk je nejen nezdrav\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 ni\u010d\u00ed pralesy, ohro\u017euje zv\u00ed\u0159ata a lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed v nich \u017eij\u00ed, a podporuje neetick\u00e9 praktiky, jako je d\u011btsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, obchod s lidmi a modern\u00ed otroctv\u00ed. M\u016f\u017eeme se rozhodnout b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, nikoli probl\u00e9mu, t\u00edm, \u017ee budeme informovan\u00ed, zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed a aktivn\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed vol\u00ed oleje z jin\u00fdch rostlin, fair trade nebo bio palmov\u00fd tuk<\/a>, nebo bezolejov\u00e9 potraviny a kosmetiku. T\u00edm p\u0159isp\u011bjeme k lep\u0161\u00edmu sv\u011btu pro n\u00e1s i pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Palmov\u00fd tuk je rostlinn\u00fd olej, kter\u00fd se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z plod\u016f olejn\u00e9 palmy. Je to jeden z nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch olej\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha potravin\u00e1ch, kosmetice, \u010dist\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch a biopalivech. Palmov\u00fd tuk m\u00e1 v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 \u0159adu negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Pod\u00edvejme se, pro\u010d bychom m\u011bli palmov\u00fd […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[39,37,33,38,31,30,32,35,34,36],"class_list":["post-910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-rady-a-navody","tag-kaceni-pralesu","tag-lidska-prava","tag-nezdrave-tuky","tag-orangutani","tag-palmovy-olej","tag-palomvy-tuk","tag-pralesy","tag-proc-nekonzumovat-palmovy-tuk","tag-stravovani","tag-zajimavosti"],"amp_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=910"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrosvety.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}